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Emergency Medicine

21 articles in Emergency Medicine

Emergency Medicine insights and practices.

Protocol and recommendations for treating SCAPE (Sympathetic Crashing Acute Pulmonary Edema) in the Emergency Department

In SCAPE—a hypertensive, rapidly progressive form of cardiogenic pulmonary edema—the two immediate, evidence-supported cornerstones are noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and aggressive afterload...

Hanna Shanar
1,7311 min

RIG, RIBS, and PIC Scores in Rib Fracture Management

Rib fractures remain one of the most common injuries encountered in emergency and trauma care, particularly among older patients with blunt chest trauma. While many patients can be safely discharged,...

Hanna Shanar
1,3961 min

Differentiating and Treating STEMI, NSTEMI, Unstable Angina, and Stable Angina

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Among its clinical manifestations, acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and stable angina are critical conditions that...

Hanna Shanar
9781 min

Hypertensive Emergency: Recognition, Screening, and ED Management

IntroductionHypertension is one of the most common problems encountered in the emergency department. Most patients present with severely elevated blood pressure but no acute end-organ injury, which...

Hanna Shanar
7341 min

Metoprolol IV Push 5mg for Tachycardia and Blood Pressure Control

In clinical practice, Metoprolol IV push, typically given as a 5mg dose, is a go-to medication for managing tachycardia and high blood pressure in acute settings. As a selective beta-1 blocker, it...

Hanna Shanar
6861 min

Emergency Treatment of WPW with Atrial Fibrillation

Wolf-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome is a congenital heart condition characterized by an abnormal extra electrical pathway between the atria and the ventricles, known as an accessory pathway. This can...

Hanna Shanar
6131 min

ED Hyperglycemia (Without HHS or DKA): What to Lower, Who to Admit, and Who’s at Risk for Future DKA

ED Hyperglycemia (Without DKA): What to Lower, Who to Admit, and Who’s at Risk for Future DKA Bottom line up front: For adults who present to the emergency department (ED) with severe hyperglycemia...

Hanna Shanar
5721 min

Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Patients with Liver Disease

Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) is a life-threatening infection that primarily affects patients with cirrhosis, particularly those with ascites. Ascites, the accumulation of fluid in the...

Hanna Shanar
5401 min

DOAC Reversal in Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Introduction Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have revolutionized the management of thromboembolic disorders due to their predictable pharmacokinetics, ease of use, and minimal monitoring...

Hanna Shanar
5021 min

Stroke vs. Bell's Palsy: Understanding the Differences and Importance of Timely Diagnosis

When sudden facial weakness occurs, it can be alarming and prompt concerns about serious medical conditions. Two common causes of facial paralysis are stroke and Bell's palsy. Although both...

Hanna Shanar
4611 min

Medical Clearance in Psychiatric Emergencies – Brief Overview

A Brief Excerpt Dr. Hanna Shanar, Emergency Medicine Resident.  This is based of a powerpoint lecture created and presented at HCA Kingwood to the University of Houston class of EM...

Hanna Shanar
4431 min

High-Flow Nasal Oxygen vs. Non-Invasive Ventilation in Acute Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema: A Comparative Review

Introduction   Acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema (ACPE) is a life-threatening manifestation of acute decompensated heart failure, characterized by rapid accumulation of fluid in the alveoli,...

Adam Rogers
4271 min

Artificial Intelligence and Technology in Emergency Medicine

Emergency medicine is one of the most dynamic and high-pressure fields in healthcare. Clinicians must make rapid, life-saving decisions with limited information and time. In recent years, artificial...

Adam Rogers
3411 min

Rethinking the Role of Pelvic X-Rays in Trauma: Clinical Decision Tools and Evidence-Based Guidelines

In the evaluation of trauma patients, imaging plays a vital role in rapid diagnosis and triage. Pelvic fractures, in particular, are associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to the...

Hanna Shanar
3121 min

Understanding Sepsis in Children for Emergency Medicine

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that arises when the body's response to infection causes widespread inflammation, leading to tissue damage, organ failure, and potentially death. In children,...

Hanna Shanar
3111 min

The Farmer Who Drank the Wrong Bottle — A Cholinergic Crisis Case

Case Scenario: A 35-year-old male farmer is brought to the emergency department by his relatives with complaints of excessive salivation, vomiting, and difficulty in breathing for the past 1 hour....

Anila Sayyed
3111 min

Does the literature support fluid resuscitation in SIRS-positive patients at risk for sepsis who have CHF?

Does the literature support fluid resuscitation in SIRS-positive patients at risk for sepsis who have CHF?Bottom line: Evidence generally supports giving an initial crystalloid bolus to SIRS-positive...

Hanna Shanar
2961 min

Safe Discharge from the ED in Vertebral Compression Fractures

IntroductionVertebral compression fractures (VCFs) are a common presentation in the emergency department (ED), especially among elderly patients with osteoporosis. One of the major clinical questions...

Hanna Shanar
2471 min

Status Asthmaticus: When Asthma Becomes Life-Threatening

Case : A 24-year-old woman with a known history of asthma presented to the Emergency Department with severe shortness of breath for 8 hours. She reported worsening wheezing and cough for 2 days...

Anila Sayyed
2121 min

A Crushing Emergency: Case of Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Case Scenario: A 60-year-old man is brought to the emergency department with severe central chest pain that started 3 hour ago while he was walking. The pain is crushing, radiates to his left arm,...

Anila Sayyed
1821 min

Severe Headache in a Postoperative Cardiac Patient on Warfarin – A Case of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Case Scenario: A 58-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a sudden onset of severe headache for the past 1 hour. He describes it as “the worst headache of my life.” The pain started...

Anila Sayyed
1811 min